SGD – Singapore Dollar. To. THB – Thai Baht. 1.00 Singapore Dollar =. 27.15 6509 Thai Baht. 1 THB = 0.0368236 SGD. We use the mid-market rate for our Converter. This is for informational purposes only. …A popular schedule includes spending 5–7 days in Thailand, exploring its capital—Bangkok, and northern cities like Chiang Mai. In Singapore, allocate 1–2 days to glimpse the cityscape and savor various Asian cuisines. For the tropical island of Bali, plan 4–5 days for the best cultural immersion and beach time. Wed, 1 Jan SIN - HKT with Jetstar. Direct. from $83. Phuket.$83 per passenger.Departing Sat, 4 May.One-way flight with Jetstar.Outbound direct flight with Jetstar departs from Singapore Changi on Sat, 4 May, arriving in Phuket.Price includes taxes and charges.From $83, select. Sat, 4 May SIN - HKT with Jetstar. Singapore and Thailand are popular for a quick taste of Southeast Asia, especially when a couple or a family has limited time. You could quickly enjoy the best of both countries: …The cheapest way to get from Singapore to Thailand costs only ฿1146, and the quickest way takes just 4 hours. Find the travel option that best suits you.Singapore’s Vaccinated Travel Lane (VTL) agreement with Thailand began in December 2021, allowing two-way quarantine-free travel for the first time since COVID began. Thailand beckons. While VTL flights were only available from Bangkok at first, Chiang Mai, Krabi and Phuket will be added from March 2022, offering holiday goers … Thai Airways International, Scoot Tigerair and six other airlines fly from Singapore to Bangkok every 30 minutes. Alternatively, you can take a bus from Singapore to Bangkok Southern Bus Terminal via JB Custom Out, Johor Bahru, Hat Yai, Thanon Nipatuthit 2, and Hat Yai Bus Terminal in around 30h 6m. Airlines. Bangkok Airways. Singapore Airlines. Find the lowest prices for flights from Singapore to Chiang Mai and enjoy award-winning service and in-flight entertainment from Thai Airways ️ See all great offers!Thailand visa for Singapore citizens can also be issued by Thai Embassies and Thai Consulates in other countries, such as Laos, Malaysia, Indonesia etc, Thailand Multiple-Entry Tourist Visa for Singapore. Multiple-Entry Tourist Visa is valid for entering Thailand within 6 months from the date of application. The period of stay is 60 days ... fly for about 2.5 hours in the air. 4:42 pm (local time): Don Mueang International (DMK) Thailand is 1 hour behind Singapore. so the time in Singapore is actually 5:42 pm. taxi on the runway for an average of 15 minutes to the gate. 4:57 pm (local time): arrive at the gate at DMK. deboard the plane, and claim any baggage. Singapore Time and Bangkok Thailand Time Converter Calculator, Singapore Time and Bangkok Time Conversion Table. TIMEBIE · US Time Zones · Canada · Europe · Asia · Middle East · Australia · Africa · Latin America · Russia · Search Time Zone · Multiple Time Zones · Sun Rise Set · Moon Rise Set · Time Calculation · Unit Conversions.Top 5 Things To Do In Singapore Thailand 1. Tour Singapore Zoo- Take A Stroll. While preparing your Singapore Thailand tour itinerary of things to do with family you should include a tour of the Singapore Zoo. The park is set in a rainforest aura and is home to 300 species of mammals, birds, and reptiles that totals upto more than 2,800 animals.Find the lowest prices for flights from Bangkok to Singapore and enjoy award-winning service and in-flight entertainment from Thai Airways ️ See all great offers!Compare cheap Singapore to Thailand flight deals from over 1,000 providers. Then choose the cheapest or fastest plane tickets. Flight tickets to Thailand start from ₹ 4,903 one …Thailand has pushed to extend holidaymakers’ stay and boost the number of foreign tourists, and pitched the country as an ideal location to host motor races. ... the … Take the Eastern & Orient Express from Singapore to Bangkok. This Eastern & Oriental Express luxury train journey will take you from Singapore to Thailand in an unforgettable adventure. From Singapore Woodlands railway station, you will board the Eastern & Oriental Express luxury train to embark on a beautiful journey to the capital of Thailand. THB (฿) Thai baht. TIME ZONE. ICT. Indochina Time (GMT +7) AIRPORT. Book your flight to Bangkok and experience cultural grandeur, ancient ruins, culinary adventures and witness vibrant nightlife. Fly with Singapore Airlines now! What companies run services between Singapore and Thailand? Thai AirAsia and Scoot Tigerair fly from Tampines to Hat Yai twice daily. Alternatively, you can take a bus from Singapore to Bangkok via JB Custom Out, Johor Bahru, Hat Yai, Thanon Nipatuthit 2, Hat Yai Bus Terminal, Bangkok Southern Bus Terminal, and ตรงข้ามสถานีขนส่งสายใต้ใหม่ ... THB (฿) Thai baht. TIME ZONE. ICT. Indochina Time (GMT +7) AIRPORT. Book your flight to Bangkok and experience cultural grandeur, ancient ruins, culinary adventures and witness vibrant nightlife. Fly with Singapore Airlines now! 1 stop. Wed, Oct 2 UTP – SIN with Bangkok Airways. 1 stop. from $202. Rayong.$367 per passenger.Departing Sat, Jan 11, returning Sat, Jan 25.Round-trip flight with Thai AirAsia and Bangkok Airways.Outbound indirect flight with Thai AirAsia, departing from Singapore Changi on Sat, Jan 11, arriving in Pattaya (Chonburi).Inbound indirect …001 is the international prefix used to dial somewhere outside of Singapore. 66. 66 is the international code used to dial to Thailand. 2. 2 is the local area or city code used to dial to Bangkok. (The entered number already included the area code) 216 3700. 66 (0) 2216-3700 is the local number you wrote. The part inside () was removed, because ...Find cheap flights from Singapore to Thailand from S$ 76. Return. 1 adult. Economy. Sat 18-5. Sat 25-5. Search. Direct flights only. Search hundreds of travel sites at once for … Singapore and Thailand Tours & Trips. Find the right adventure for you through Singapore and Thailand. We've got 9 tours going to Singapore and Thailand, starting from just 11 days in length, and the longest tour is 22 days. The most popular month to go is September, which has the highest number of tour departures. The cheapest way to get from Singapore to Thailand costs only ฿1143, and the quickest way takes just 5¼ hours. Find the travel option that best suits you.Aug 26, 2022 · Train from Kuala Lumpur to Thailand Border (Padang Besar): 6 hours. Train from Thailand Border to Bangkok: 17 hours. I will also highlight some easy online bookings for each route and train from Singapore to Thailand ( through 12go.Asia) as well as the better stopovers for tourists and travellers along the way. The total flight duration from Singapore to Bangkok, Thailand is 2 hours, 16 minutes. This assumes an average flight speed for a commercial airliner of 500 mph, which is equivalent to 805 km/h or 434 knots. It also adds an extra 30 minutes for take-off and landing.Thu, 8 Aug BKK - SIN with Jetstar. Direct. from £72. Bangkok. £77 per passenger.Departing Mon, 22 Jul, returning Tue, 30 Jul.Return flight with Jetstar.Outbound direct flight with Jetstar departs from Singapore Changi on Mon, 22 Jul, arriving in Bangkok Suvarnabhumi.Inbound direct flight with Jetstar departs from Bangkok Suvarnabhumi on … Welcome back to the Eastern & Oriental Express, our unique luxury train in Malaysia. This is slow travel at its best — come onboard and book your unforgettable train journey of glamour. Eastern & Oriental Express is one of the world’s best luxury trains. Southeast Asia’s vibrant cities, rural villages and gleaming pagodas can be explored ... fly for about 2.5 hours in the air. 4:42 pm (local time): Don Mueang International (DMK) Thailand is 1 hour behind Singapore. so the time in Singapore is actually 5:42 pm. taxi on the runway for an average of 15 minutes to the gate. 4:57 pm (local time): arrive at the gate at DMK. deboard the plane, and claim any baggage.Exchange rate between Singapore and Bangkok . The local currency is the Thai Baht (THB). The current exchange rate is SGD 1 = THB 24.51 (USD 1 = THB 33.11). Average cost of a meal Singapore and Bangkok (in SGD and USD) The average cost of eating out in Bangkok is comparatively lower than in Singapore.Thailand Duty & Tax Information. Currency: Thai Baht (THB) Calculation Method: CIF. Duty & tax are calculated based on the value of the items and shipping costs. Tax Threshold: 1500 THB. Tax (VAT/GST): 7%. Duty Threshold: 1500 THB. Import Duty Product Categories. Shipment items in an order will have relevant duties charged at this rate.Thailand has pushed to extend holidaymakers’ stay and boost the number of foreign tourists, and pitched the country as an ideal location to host motor races. ... the …3 days ago · Find cheap flights from Singapore and book with no fees. Compare flights to Thailand from over 1,000 providers and get the best deals. Set up alerts and book the best fare to Thailand when the price is right. October 5, 2023 by Mad or Nomad. Welcome to the Thailand Motorcycle Travel Guide! This biking guide is packed with information for motorcycle travellers looking to ride in Thailand. You’ll find info on road conditions, routes, paperwork, borders and a bunch of extra tips and tricks to help you on your way. You can contact the Thai Embassy Singapore at 370 Orchard Road, Singapore 238870. For inquiries about the visa application process, visit their for more information. Vaccination status and entering Thailand. From July 1st, 2022, a Thailand Pass application is no longer required. The cheapest way to get from Singapore to Thailand costs only ฿1143, and the quickest way takes just 5¼ hours. Find the travel option that best suits you. When planning your first trip to Singapore and Thailand, you should allocate at least 10 days to discover all their major highlights. More often, our clients prefer 2 weeks or more for a comfortable pace and in-depth exploration. You could spend 3–4 days in Singapore and 10+ days in Thailand. In Singapore, 3 days are enough to discover the ... Singapore vs. Thailand Economy. When it comes to the economy in terms of total GDP, Thailand is much bigger with 505B USD. Singapore, with its size, is 364.2B USD. However, when it comes to GDP per capita, Singapore is considered to be the more prosperous one with 65,000 USD, while Thailand has 7,300 USD.Thailand has pushed to extend holidaymakers’ stay and boost the number of foreign tourists, and pitched the country as an ideal location to host motor races. ... the …The quickest way to get from Singapore to Bangkok by ship will take about 8 days 19h and departs from Johor Port (MYPGU) and arrives into Laem Chabang (THLCH). There are vessels departing 1-2 times a week on this route. Yang Ming is one of the carriers that operates regular services on this route with vessels departing every 1-2 weeks.Time Difference. Singapore Time is 1 hour ahead of. 3:30 pm in SGT is 2:30 pm in Bangkok, Thailand. SGT to Bangkok call time. Best time for a conference call or a meeting is between 9am-6pm in SGT which corresponds to 8am-5pm in Bangkok. 3:30 pm Singapore Time (SGT). Offset UTC +8:00 hours.From Singapore. Singapore Post lets you send up to 30 kgs. to Thailand. Singapore Post provides: tracking; notification of receipt; insurance of up to $150; door-step delivery; and; on-call collection. Below is a list of shipping methods, depending on what you’re sending from Singapore to Thailand. Best Method for Sending Letters or …Compare cheap Singapore to Thailand flight deals from over 1,000 providers. Then choose the cheapest plane tickets or fastest journeys. Flight tickets to Thailand start from C$82 one-way. Set up a Price Alert. We price-check with over 1,000 travel companies so you don't have to. You can easily track the price of your airline tickets from ...Find the lowest prices for flights from Singapore to Chiang Mai and enjoy award-winning service and in-flight entertainment from Thai Airways ️ See all great offers!When you send money to Thailand (THB) from Singapore (SGD), we won't charge you additional currency exchange fees on weekdays if the transfer is within your exchange allowance. We may apply a transfer fee depending on how much you send, and your plan's international transfer allowance. We'll clearly show any fees in-app before you transfer.Update 01 Jan 2017: Note that from 31 December 2016 onward, Singapore passport holders traveling overland into Thailand will be allowed to enter Thailand without visa through the land border checkpoints only TWICE in a calendar year. More information on this at the Thai Embassy website.. Update 05 Dec 2018: Good news for Singapore … Wed, 1 Jan SIN - HKT with Jetstar. Direct. from $83. Phuket.$83 per passenger.Departing Sat, 4 May.One-way flight with Jetstar.Outbound direct flight with Jetstar departs from Singapore Changi on Sat, 4 May, arriving in Phuket.Price includes taxes and charges.From $83, select. Sat, 4 May SIN - HKT with Jetstar. O. 220 V. 50 Hz. In Thailand, power plugs and sockets (outlets) of type A, type B, type C, type F and type O are used. The standard voltage is 220 V at a frequency of 50 Hz. Yes, you need a power plug travel adapter for sockets type A, B, C, F and O in Thailand.Eastern & Oriental Express Singapore. Going overseas looks a lot like this – buckling up in a plane, enjoying inflight entertainment, and kope-ing airline freebies. A lesser-known way to travel out of Singapore is by train, and on routes that’ll take you to Bangkok, Thailand.. Named a cultural enclave and land of night markets, the capital city … THB (฿) Thai baht. TIME ZONE. ICT. Indochina Time (GMT +7) AIRPORT. Book your flight to Bangkok and experience cultural grandeur, ancient ruins, culinary adventures and witness vibrant nightlife. Fly with Singapore Airlines now! What companies run services between Singapore and Phuket, Thailand? Thai AirAsia, Scoot Tigerair and six other airlines fly from Tampines to Phuket hourly. Alternatively, you can take a bus from Singapore to Phuket via Thong Teck Building, Johor Bahru, Hat Yai, Thanon Nipatuthit 2, and Hat Yai Bus Terminal in around 24h 28m.October 5, 2023 by Mad or Nomad. Welcome to the Thailand Motorcycle Travel Guide! This biking guide is packed with information for motorcycle travellers looking to ride in Thailand. You’ll find info on road conditions, routes, paperwork, borders and a bunch of extra tips and tricks to help you on your way.O. 220 V. 50 Hz. In Thailand, power plugs and sockets (outlets) of type A, type B, type C, type F and type O are used. The standard voltage is 220 V at a frequency of 50 Hz. Yes, you need a power plug travel adapter for sockets type A, B, C, F and O in Thailand.Compare cheap Singapore to Thailand flight deals from over 1,000 providers. Then choose the cheapest or fastest plane tickets. Flight tickets to Thailand start from ₹ 4,903 one …Jun 1, 2022 · Travel Entry Requirements from Singapore to Thailand. Updated as of 22 June 2022. Requirements for fully vaccinated travellers as of 1 July 2022. -A valid passport, or a border pass for arrivals via border checkpoints. -Show proof of vaccination. Requirements for unvaccinated travellers as of 1 July 2022. -A valid passport, or a border pass for ... Time Difference. Singapore Time is 1 hour ahead of. 3:30 pm in SGT is 2:30 pm in Bangkok, Thailand. SGT to Bangkok call time. Best time for a conference call or a meeting is between 9am-6pm in SGT which corresponds to 8am-5pm in Bangkok. 3:30 pm Singapore Time (SGT). Offset UTC +8:00 hours.The from , visits Explore our cruise itineraries and choose from a variety of rooms depending on your needs and budget. Start planning your next cruise vacation by selecting a destination and departure port.If you still have more questions about how to transfer money from the Singapore to Thailand, you can visit our Frequently Asked Questions page, or contact our team. Our customer service team is always ready to support you: English: 24/7. Mandarin: 8 am to 12 am, daily. +65 6415 7363.Cheap flights from Singapore (SIN) to popular destinations in Thailand (TH) Bangkok $169. Bangkok $169. Chiang Mai $402. Chiang Rai $318. Hat Yai $257. Khon Kaen $489. Koh Samui $564.The cheapest flight deals from Thailand to Singapore. Singapore.$124 per passenger.Departing Tue, 8 Oct, returning Thu, 10 Oct.Return flight with Scoot.Outbound direct flight with Scoot departs from Krabi on Tue, 8 Oct, arriving in Singapore Changi.Inbound direct flight with Scoot departs from Singapore Changi on Thu, 10 Oct, … Driving into Thailand: If you plan to drive into Thailand, at all times carry your passport, driver’s licence and vehicle registration document for proof of vehicle ownership. Duty Free Items: Duty-free exemptions in Thailand are capped at 200 cigarettes (or equivalent of 250 grams of tobacco) and 1 litre of wine or spirits per person. October 5, 2023 by Mad or Nomad. Welcome to the Thailand Motorcycle Travel Guide! This biking guide is packed with information for motorcycle travellers looking to ride in Thailand. You’ll find info on road conditions, routes, paperwork, borders and a bunch of extra tips and tricks to help you on your way. THB (฿) Thai baht. TIME ZONE. ICT. Indochina Time (GMT +7) AIRPORT. Book your flight to Bangkok and experience cultural grandeur, ancient ruins, culinary adventures and witness vibrant nightlife. Fly with Singapore Airlines now! Driving into Thailand: If you plan to drive into Thailand, at all times carry your passport, driver’s licence and vehicle registration document for proof of vehicle ownership. Duty Free Items: Duty-free exemptions in Thailand are capped at 200 cigarettes (or equivalent of 250 grams of tobacco) and 1 litre of wine or spirits per person. The air travel (bird fly) shortest distance between Singapore and Thailand is 1,635 km= 1,016 miles. If you travel with an airplane (which has average speed of 560 miles) from Singapore to Thailand, It takes 1.81 hours to arrive. Facebook Twitter. Singapore. GPS Coordinates (DMS) 1° 21´ 7.4880'' N 103° 49´ 11.4240'' E : Latitude:Wed, 1 Jan SIN - HKT with Jetstar. Direct. from $83. Phuket.$83 per passenger.Departing Sat, 4 May.One-way flight with Jetstar.Outbound direct flight with Jetstar departs from Singapore Changi on Sat, 4 May, arriving in Phuket.Price includes taxes and charges.From $83, select. Sat, 4 May SIN - HKT with Jetstar.The Bangkok-to-Singapore train voyage that will make you fall in love with overland travel. While the luxe Orient Express is the sole direct train between Bangkok and Singapore, it’s certainly ...The cheapest way to get from Singapore to Thailand costs only ฿1143, and the quickest way takes just 5¼ hours. Find the travel option that best suits you.Thailand Duty & Tax Information. Currency: Thai Baht (THB) Calculation Method: CIF. Duty & tax are calculated based on the value of the items and shipping costs. Tax Threshold: 1500 THB. Tax (VAT/GST): 7%. Duty Threshold: 1500 THB. Import Duty Product Categories. Shipment items in an order will have relevant duties charged at this rate.Dec 14, 2022 · Singapore was the cleanest, most futuristic city I have seen. It is the perfect way to end your trip. If you would like to see more from the trip, here is my Youtube highlight! The perfect 2 week itinerary for exploring Thailand and Singapore. You will visit Chiang Mai, Khao Sok, Phuket, and Singapore. Travel Info. Travel to Thailand from Singapore. Required Documents for Travel to Thailand. Please have the following documents ready. Passport with at least six month … Compare cheap Singapore to Thailand flight deals from over 1,000 providers. Then choose the cheapest plane tickets or fastest journeys. Flight tickets to Thailand start from £45 one-way. Flex your dates to secure the best fares for your Singapore to Thailand ticket. If your travel dates are flexible, use Skyscanner's "Whole month" tool to find ... The Singapore Botanical Gardens is the first UNESCO Heritage Site in Singapore offering tours and educational programs for nature lovers of all ages. ... Thailand. Asia Cruise Travel Articles. Learn about the ancient temples, bustling cities, vibrant markets, and traditional villages you'll experience on cruises to Asia & India.How to travel by KTM Train in Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand (SRT) using the new fast ETS Express, Commuter and Intercity rail services. Follow the links below or use the navigation links to find railway timetables, ticket prices and travel information for all the popular train trips in this region of SE Asia.The Thailand-Singapore economic relationship is significant. In 2020, Singapore was the largest foreign investor in Thailand, investing US$1.8 billion. In total, Singapore had US$24.9 billion in direct investment stock in Thailand at the end of 2020, concentrated in financial and insurance services, manufacturing, wholesale and retail …Update 01 Jan 2017: Note that from 31 December 2016 onward, Singapore passport holders traveling overland into Thailand will be allowed to enter Thailand without visa through the land border checkpoints only TWICE in a calendar year. More information on this at the Thai Embassy website.. Update 05 Dec 2018: Good news for Singapore …Krabi. £64 per passenger.Departing Sat, 31 Aug, returning Tue, 3 Sep.Return flight with Jetstar.Outbound direct flight with Jetstar departs from Singapore Changi on Sat, 31 Aug, arriving in Krabi.Inbound direct flight with Jetstar departs from Krabi on Tue, 3 Sep, arriving in Singapore Changi.Price includes taxes and charges.From £64, select. Singapore and Thailand Tours & Trips. Find the right adventure for you through Singapore and Thailand. We've got 9 tours going to Singapore and Thailand, starting from just 11 days in length, and the longest tour is 22 days. The most popular month to go is September, which has the highest number of tour departures. When to fly from Singapore to Chiang Mai? Discover the best flight rates from Singapore to Chiang Mai. Travel in comfort with award-winning inflight services and state-of-the-art amenities. Book your air tickets today!
The cheapest way to get from Singapore to Thailand costs only ฿1143, and the quickest way takes just 5¼ hours. Find the travel option that best suits you.. Flights bos to lax
There are lots of destinations to choose from when you're planning your trip from Singapore to Thailand. Krabi. Direct From $114. Phuket. Direct From $128. Bangkok. Direct From …Singapore–Thailand relations. Thai embassy in Singapore. Bilateral relations between the Republic of Singapore and the Kingdom of Thailand formally date to 1965, when Thailand established diplomatic relations soon after the independence of Singapore. Both countries are the founding members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations .May 1, 2024 · Find the right adventure for you through Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. We've got 17 tours going to Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand, starting from just 10 days in length, and the longest tour is 22 days. The most popular month to go is December, which has the highest number of tour departures. 1 stop. from $119. Chiang Mai.$122 per passenger.Departing Mon, 7 Oct.One-way flight with Thai AirAsia.Outbound indirect flight with Thai AirAsia, departs from Singapore Changi on Mon, 7 Oct, arriving in Chiang Mai.Price includes taxes and charges.From $122, select. Mon, 7 Oct SIN - CNX with Thai AirAsia.Thailand & Vietnam Holiday. From SINGAPORE, SINGAPORE - onboard CELEBRITY SOLSTICE. Departing Dec 22, 2025. $1,313 USD * Avg Per Person †Taxes, fees and port expenses $136.30 USD * DAY 1 - Monday , Dec 22. Singapore, Singapore. Departs: 6:00PM. DAY 2 - Tuesday , Dec 23. At Sea - Cruising.Wed, 2 Oct SIN - KBV with Jetstar. Direct. from $83. Krabi.$83 per passenger.Departing Sun, 1 Sep.One-way flight with Jetstar.Outbound direct flight with Jetstar departs from Singapore Changi on Sun, 1 Sep, arriving in Krabi.Price includes taxes and charges.From $83, select. Sun, 1 Sep SIN - KBV with Jetstar.You can take a bus from Singapore to Phuket via Woodland Checkpoint Out, W'Lands Checkpt, JB Sentral Bus Ter, Johor Bahru, Hat Yai, Thanon Nipatuthit 2, and Hat Yai Bus Terminal in around 23h 13m. Airlines. Singapore Airlines. AirAsia. Bangkok Airways. Compare cheap Singapore to Thailand flight deals from over 1,000 providers. Then choose the cheapest plane tickets or fastest journeys. Flight tickets to Thailand start from $61 one-way. Flex your dates to secure the best fares for your Singapore to Thailand ticket. If your travel dates are flexible, use Skyscanner's "Whole month" tool to find ... 1. Pick up a Singapore Tourist Pass for cheap, unlimited train travel for up to three days. 2. Public transport is excellent in Singapore, but if you prefer to use a taxi, use the Grab app for quick pickups. 3. Drinking alcohol after 10:30 p.m. is prohibited, so be sure to plan your night accordingly.fly for about 2.5 hours in the air. 4:42 pm (local time): Don Mueang International (DMK) Thailand is 1 hour behind Singapore. so the time in Singapore is actually 5:42 pm. taxi on the runway for an average of 15 minutes to the gate. 4:57 pm (local time): arrive at the gate at DMK. deboard the plane, and claim any baggage.Singapore (Singapore) Friday, April 19, 2024 at 2:21:21 am SGT UTC+8 hours Bangkok (Thailand) Friday, April 19, 2024 at 1:21:21 am ICT UTC+7 hours Corresponding UTC (GMT) Thursday, April 18, 2024 at 18:21:21 How to use the Time Zone Converter. Glossary UTC Coordinated ....